Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations

Autores
López, Paula Denise; Fragkoudi, Francesca; Cora, Sofia Alejandra; Scannapieco, Cecilia; Pakmor, Rüdiger; Grand, Robert J. J.; Gómez, Facundo; Marinacci, Federico
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Boxy/peanut (b/p) or X-shaped b ulges ha ve been extensively explored with theory and numerical simulations of isolated galaxies. Ho we ver, it is only recently that advances in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations have made it possible to explore b/p bulges in a cosmological setting, with much remaining to be understood about their formation and evolution. By using the Aurig a magnetoh ydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations, we characterize the structural parameters of b/p bulges and how they form and evolve throughout cosmic history. We develop a method for estimating the b/p strength that allows us to identify the formation time and size of these structures. We find that b/p bulges in Auriga form between ∼1.1 and 1.6 Gyr after bar formation, following a ‘buckling’ episode; some galaxies undergo multiple bucklings and events of b/p growth, with some b/p structures ‘dissolving’ between buckling events. We find that at z = 0, the b/p bulges have an extent of almost half the bar length. Finally, we analyse the evolution of the b/p fraction o v er redshift, finding that at z = 0, two-thirds of galaxies host a bar, and of these, 45 per cent have a b/p. This b/p fraction is within the observed range at z = 0, although on the low end as compared to some observational studies. The b/p fraction decreases to 20 per cent at z = 0 . 5, and falls to zero at z ∼1; this is in line with the observed trend of declining b/p fraction with redshift. We discuss possible culprits for the apparent mismatch in b/p occurrence between observations and cosmological simulations, what causes them to form (or not) in these simulations, and what this might reveal about models of galaxy formation and evolution.
Fil: López, Paula Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Fragkoudi, Francesca. Durham University; Reino Unido
Fil: Cora, Sofia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Scannapieco, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Pakmor, Rüdiger. Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysi; Alemania
Fil: Grand, Robert J. J.. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino Unido
Fil: Gómez, Facundo. Universidad de La Serena; Chile
Fil: Marinacci, Federico. Universidad de Bologna; Italia
Materia
methods: numerical
galaxies: bar
galaxies: bulges
cosmology: theory
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/290797
Acceder
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oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/290797
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulationsLópez, Paula DeniseFragkoudi, FrancescaCora, Sofia AlejandraScannapieco, CeciliaPakmor, RüdigerGrand, Robert J. J.Gómez, FacundoMarinacci, Federicomethods: numericalgalaxies: bargalaxies: bulgescosmology: theoryhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Boxy/peanut (b/p) or X-shaped b ulges ha ve been extensively explored with theory and numerical simulations of isolated galaxies. Ho we ver, it is only recently that advances in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations have made it possible to explore b/p bulges in a cosmological setting, with much remaining to be understood about their formation and evolution. By using the Aurig a magnetoh ydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations, we characterize the structural parameters of b/p bulges and how they form and evolve throughout cosmic history. We develop a method for estimating the b/p strength that allows us to identify the formation time and size of these structures. We find that b/p bulges in Auriga form between ∼1.1 and 1.6 Gyr after bar formation, following a ‘buckling’ episode; some galaxies undergo multiple bucklings and events of b/p growth, with some b/p structures ‘dissolving’ between buckling events. We find that at z = 0, the b/p bulges have an extent of almost half the bar length. Finally, we analyse the evolution of the b/p fraction o v er redshift, finding that at z = 0, two-thirds of galaxies host a bar, and of these, 45 per cent have a b/p. This b/p fraction is within the observed range at z = 0, although on the low end as compared to some observational studies. The b/p fraction decreases to 20 per cent at z = 0 . 5, and falls to zero at z ∼1; this is in line with the observed trend of declining b/p fraction with redshift. We discuss possible culprits for the apparent mismatch in b/p occurrence between observations and cosmological simulations, what causes them to form (or not) in these simulations, and what this might reveal about models of galaxy formation and evolution.Fil: López, Paula Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Fragkoudi, Francesca. Durham University; Reino UnidoFil: Cora, Sofia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Scannapieco, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pakmor, Rüdiger. Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysi; AlemaniaFil: Grand, Robert J. J.. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino UnidoFil: Gómez, Facundo. Universidad de La Serena; ChileFil: Marinacci, Federico. Universidad de Bologna; ItaliaWiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc2025-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/290797López, Paula Denise; Fragkoudi, Francesca; Cora, Sofia Alejandra; Scannapieco, Cecilia; Pakmor, Rüdiger; et al.; Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 540; 3; 7-2025; 2031-20480035-8711CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/540/3/2031/8137872info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf818info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2026-08-25T14:49:27Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/290797instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982026-08-25 14:49:27.381CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
title Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
spellingShingle Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
López, Paula Denise
methods: numerical
galaxies: bar
galaxies: bulges
cosmology: theory
title_short Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
title_full Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
title_fullStr Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
title_full_unstemmed Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
title_sort Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López, Paula Denise
Fragkoudi, Francesca
Cora, Sofia Alejandra
Scannapieco, Cecilia
Pakmor, Rüdiger
Grand, Robert J. J.
Gómez, Facundo
Marinacci, Federico
author López, Paula Denise
author_facet López, Paula Denise
Fragkoudi, Francesca
Cora, Sofia Alejandra
Scannapieco, Cecilia
Pakmor, Rüdiger
Grand, Robert J. J.
Gómez, Facundo
Marinacci, Federico
author_role author
author2 Fragkoudi, Francesca
Cora, Sofia Alejandra
Scannapieco, Cecilia
Pakmor, Rüdiger
Grand, Robert J. J.
Gómez, Facundo
Marinacci, Federico
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv methods: numerical
galaxies: bar
galaxies: bulges
cosmology: theory
topic methods: numerical
galaxies: bar
galaxies: bulges
cosmology: theory
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Boxy/peanut (b/p) or X-shaped b ulges ha ve been extensively explored with theory and numerical simulations of isolated galaxies. Ho we ver, it is only recently that advances in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations have made it possible to explore b/p bulges in a cosmological setting, with much remaining to be understood about their formation and evolution. By using the Aurig a magnetoh ydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations, we characterize the structural parameters of b/p bulges and how they form and evolve throughout cosmic history. We develop a method for estimating the b/p strength that allows us to identify the formation time and size of these structures. We find that b/p bulges in Auriga form between ∼1.1 and 1.6 Gyr after bar formation, following a ‘buckling’ episode; some galaxies undergo multiple bucklings and events of b/p growth, with some b/p structures ‘dissolving’ between buckling events. We find that at z = 0, the b/p bulges have an extent of almost half the bar length. Finally, we analyse the evolution of the b/p fraction o v er redshift, finding that at z = 0, two-thirds of galaxies host a bar, and of these, 45 per cent have a b/p. This b/p fraction is within the observed range at z = 0, although on the low end as compared to some observational studies. The b/p fraction decreases to 20 per cent at z = 0 . 5, and falls to zero at z ∼1; this is in line with the observed trend of declining b/p fraction with redshift. We discuss possible culprits for the apparent mismatch in b/p occurrence between observations and cosmological simulations, what causes them to form (or not) in these simulations, and what this might reveal about models of galaxy formation and evolution.
Fil: López, Paula Denise. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Fragkoudi, Francesca. Durham University; Reino Unido
Fil: Cora, Sofia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; Argentina
Fil: Scannapieco, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Fil: Pakmor, Rüdiger. Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysi; Alemania
Fil: Grand, Robert J. J.. Liverpool John Moores University; Reino Unido
Fil: Gómez, Facundo. Universidad de La Serena; Chile
Fil: Marinacci, Federico. Universidad de Bologna; Italia
description Boxy/peanut (b/p) or X-shaped b ulges ha ve been extensively explored with theory and numerical simulations of isolated galaxies. Ho we ver, it is only recently that advances in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations have made it possible to explore b/p bulges in a cosmological setting, with much remaining to be understood about their formation and evolution. By using the Aurig a magnetoh ydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations, we characterize the structural parameters of b/p bulges and how they form and evolve throughout cosmic history. We develop a method for estimating the b/p strength that allows us to identify the formation time and size of these structures. We find that b/p bulges in Auriga form between ∼1.1 and 1.6 Gyr after bar formation, following a ‘buckling’ episode; some galaxies undergo multiple bucklings and events of b/p growth, with some b/p structures ‘dissolving’ between buckling events. We find that at z = 0, the b/p bulges have an extent of almost half the bar length. Finally, we analyse the evolution of the b/p fraction o v er redshift, finding that at z = 0, two-thirds of galaxies host a bar, and of these, 45 per cent have a b/p. This b/p fraction is within the observed range at z = 0, although on the low end as compared to some observational studies. The b/p fraction decreases to 20 per cent at z = 0 . 5, and falls to zero at z ∼1; this is in line with the observed trend of declining b/p fraction with redshift. We discuss possible culprits for the apparent mismatch in b/p occurrence between observations and cosmological simulations, what causes them to form (or not) in these simulations, and what this might reveal about models of galaxy formation and evolution.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/290797
López, Paula Denise; Fragkoudi, Francesca; Cora, Sofia Alejandra; Scannapieco, Cecilia; Pakmor, Rüdiger; et al.; Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 540; 3; 7-2025; 2031-2048
0035-8711
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/290797
identifier_str_mv López, Paula Denise; Fragkoudi, Francesca; Cora, Sofia Alejandra; Scannapieco, Cecilia; Pakmor, Rüdiger; et al.; Formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges in the Auriga cosmological simulations; Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 540; 3; 7-2025; 2031-2048
0035-8711
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/540/3/2031/8137872
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/staf818
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley Blackwell Publishing, Inc
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
_version_ 1874774729023291392
score 13.24418

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