Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceros...

Autores
Pandolfi, Luca; Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza; Antoine, Pierre Olivier
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Western European rhinoceroses have been the subject of several investigations in recent decades, but only a few studies have taken into account the broad morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. The latter has given rise to doubts concerning the validity and variation of fossil species. Among the Pleistocene fossil rhinoceroses, Stephanorhinus hemitoechus represents one of the most recorded and described species in Western Europe, being documented by well-preserved cranial remains. Moreover, in addition to the nominotypical subspecies, three further subspecies of S. hemitoechus were erected based on differences in cranial features, namely Rhinoceros hemitoechus falconeri Azzaroli, 1962, Rhinoceros hemitoechus aretinus Azzaroli, 1962 and Dicerorhinus hemitoechus intermedius Azzaroli in Anfossi & Cantaluppi, 1987. The validity of these subspecies and the cranial variability of S. hemitoechus are herein revised after consideration of the available morphological traits of the lectotype of the species, comparison with fossil cranial remains assigned to S. hemitoechus and the morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. In both extant and fossil rhinoceroses, morphological features such as the shape and size of the occipital face and the position of the nasal notch and of the orbit are affected by ontogenetic patterns, revealing marked changes during the life cycle of an individual. Some other features of the cranium instead, such as the development of the nuchal crest, may have been affected by changes in feeding habitus or sexual dimorphism. Accordingly, the occurrences of subspecies of S. hemitoechus are herein rejected, both from a chronostratigraphic and geographic perspective. Finally, we suggest herein that an estimation of the age at death of the studied material and a more comprehensive comparison with the extant species be provided in future studies in order to arrive at a better understanding of fossil rhinoceroses and their taxonomic assignment.
Fil: Pandolfi, Luca. Università degli Studi di Pisa; Italia
Fil: Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Université Montpellier II; Francia
Materia
STEPHANORHINUS
RHINOCEROTIDAE
QUATERNARY
MORPHOLOGY
BIOCHRONOLOGY
PALEOECOLOGY
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/291489
Acceder
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spelling Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinocerosesPandolfi, LucaCerdeño Serrano, Maria EsperanzaAntoine, Pierre OlivierSTEPHANORHINUSRHINOCEROTIDAEQUATERNARYMORPHOLOGYBIOCHRONOLOGYPALEOECOLOGYhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1Western European rhinoceroses have been the subject of several investigations in recent decades, but only a few studies have taken into account the broad morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. The latter has given rise to doubts concerning the validity and variation of fossil species. Among the Pleistocene fossil rhinoceroses, Stephanorhinus hemitoechus represents one of the most recorded and described species in Western Europe, being documented by well-preserved cranial remains. Moreover, in addition to the nominotypical subspecies, three further subspecies of S. hemitoechus were erected based on differences in cranial features, namely Rhinoceros hemitoechus falconeri Azzaroli, 1962, Rhinoceros hemitoechus aretinus Azzaroli, 1962 and Dicerorhinus hemitoechus intermedius Azzaroli in Anfossi & Cantaluppi, 1987. The validity of these subspecies and the cranial variability of S. hemitoechus are herein revised after consideration of the available morphological traits of the lectotype of the species, comparison with fossil cranial remains assigned to S. hemitoechus and the morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. In both extant and fossil rhinoceroses, morphological features such as the shape and size of the occipital face and the position of the nasal notch and of the orbit are affected by ontogenetic patterns, revealing marked changes during the life cycle of an individual. Some other features of the cranium instead, such as the development of the nuchal crest, may have been affected by changes in feeding habitus or sexual dimorphism. Accordingly, the occurrences of subspecies of S. hemitoechus are herein rejected, both from a chronostratigraphic and geographic perspective. Finally, we suggest herein that an estimation of the age at death of the studied material and a more comprehensive comparison with the extant species be provided in future studies in order to arrive at a better understanding of fossil rhinoceroses and their taxonomic assignment.Fil: Pandolfi, Luca. Università degli Studi di Pisa; ItaliaFil: Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Université Montpellier II; FranciaSocieta Paleontologica Italiana2025-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/291489Pandolfi, Luca; Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza; Antoine, Pierre Olivier; Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses; Societa Paleontologica Italiana; Bollettino Della Societa Paleontologica Italiana; 64; 1; 5-2025; 227-2440375-7633CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2026-08-25T14:46:53Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/291489instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982026-08-25 14:46:54.152CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
title Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
spellingShingle Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
Pandolfi, Luca
STEPHANORHINUS
RHINOCEROTIDAE
QUATERNARY
MORPHOLOGY
BIOCHRONOLOGY
PALEOECOLOGY
title_short Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
title_full Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
title_fullStr Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
title_full_unstemmed Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
title_sort Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pandolfi, Luca
Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza
Antoine, Pierre Olivier
author Pandolfi, Luca
author_facet Pandolfi, Luca
Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza
Antoine, Pierre Olivier
author_role author
author2 Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza
Antoine, Pierre Olivier
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv STEPHANORHINUS
RHINOCEROTIDAE
QUATERNARY
MORPHOLOGY
BIOCHRONOLOGY
PALEOECOLOGY
topic STEPHANORHINUS
RHINOCEROTIDAE
QUATERNARY
MORPHOLOGY
BIOCHRONOLOGY
PALEOECOLOGY
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Western European rhinoceroses have been the subject of several investigations in recent decades, but only a few studies have taken into account the broad morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. The latter has given rise to doubts concerning the validity and variation of fossil species. Among the Pleistocene fossil rhinoceroses, Stephanorhinus hemitoechus represents one of the most recorded and described species in Western Europe, being documented by well-preserved cranial remains. Moreover, in addition to the nominotypical subspecies, three further subspecies of S. hemitoechus were erected based on differences in cranial features, namely Rhinoceros hemitoechus falconeri Azzaroli, 1962, Rhinoceros hemitoechus aretinus Azzaroli, 1962 and Dicerorhinus hemitoechus intermedius Azzaroli in Anfossi & Cantaluppi, 1987. The validity of these subspecies and the cranial variability of S. hemitoechus are herein revised after consideration of the available morphological traits of the lectotype of the species, comparison with fossil cranial remains assigned to S. hemitoechus and the morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. In both extant and fossil rhinoceroses, morphological features such as the shape and size of the occipital face and the position of the nasal notch and of the orbit are affected by ontogenetic patterns, revealing marked changes during the life cycle of an individual. Some other features of the cranium instead, such as the development of the nuchal crest, may have been affected by changes in feeding habitus or sexual dimorphism. Accordingly, the occurrences of subspecies of S. hemitoechus are herein rejected, both from a chronostratigraphic and geographic perspective. Finally, we suggest herein that an estimation of the age at death of the studied material and a more comprehensive comparison with the extant species be provided in future studies in order to arrive at a better understanding of fossil rhinoceroses and their taxonomic assignment.
Fil: Pandolfi, Luca. Università degli Studi di Pisa; Italia
Fil: Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina
Fil: Antoine, Pierre Olivier. Université Montpellier II; Francia
description Western European rhinoceroses have been the subject of several investigations in recent decades, but only a few studies have taken into account the broad morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. The latter has given rise to doubts concerning the validity and variation of fossil species. Among the Pleistocene fossil rhinoceroses, Stephanorhinus hemitoechus represents one of the most recorded and described species in Western Europe, being documented by well-preserved cranial remains. Moreover, in addition to the nominotypical subspecies, three further subspecies of S. hemitoechus were erected based on differences in cranial features, namely Rhinoceros hemitoechus falconeri Azzaroli, 1962, Rhinoceros hemitoechus aretinus Azzaroli, 1962 and Dicerorhinus hemitoechus intermedius Azzaroli in Anfossi & Cantaluppi, 1987. The validity of these subspecies and the cranial variability of S. hemitoechus are herein revised after consideration of the available morphological traits of the lectotype of the species, comparison with fossil cranial remains assigned to S. hemitoechus and the morphological variability in extant rhinoceroses. In both extant and fossil rhinoceroses, morphological features such as the shape and size of the occipital face and the position of the nasal notch and of the orbit are affected by ontogenetic patterns, revealing marked changes during the life cycle of an individual. Some other features of the cranium instead, such as the development of the nuchal crest, may have been affected by changes in feeding habitus or sexual dimorphism. Accordingly, the occurrences of subspecies of S. hemitoechus are herein rejected, both from a chronostratigraphic and geographic perspective. Finally, we suggest herein that an estimation of the age at death of the studied material and a more comprehensive comparison with the extant species be provided in future studies in order to arrive at a better understanding of fossil rhinoceroses and their taxonomic assignment.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/291489
Pandolfi, Luca; Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza; Antoine, Pierre Olivier; Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses; Societa Paleontologica Italiana; Bollettino Della Societa Paleontologica Italiana; 64; 1; 5-2025; 227-244
0375-7633
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/291489
identifier_str_mv Pandolfi, Luca; Cerdeño Serrano, Maria Esperanza; Antoine, Pierre Olivier; Cranial variability in Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae): A revision of Azzaroli’s subspecies and the systematics of Middle-Late Pleistocene European rhinoceroses; Societa Paleontologica Italiana; Bollettino Della Societa Paleontologica Italiana; 64; 1; 5-2025; 227-244
0375-7633
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Societa Paleontologica Italiana
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Societa Paleontologica Italiana
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.24418

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