Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana

Autores
Hinojosa, Luis Felipe; Carvajal, Francy Milena; Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena; Fernández, Damián Andrés; Pérez Catán, María Fernanda
Año de publicación
2026
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
During warm intervals such as the Early Eocene, megathermal vegetation belts expanded toward higher latitudes, displacing mesothermal and microthermal biota. Here, we examine the diversity and paleoclimate of the Early Eocene Ligorio Márquez Formation (LMF) in the context of other Paleogene Patagonian palynofloras, and we model the potential distribution of Nothofagus using Early Eocene climate simulations. From 35 processed samples, 20 yielded palynomorphs and 85 morphospecies were distinguished. We hypothesize that species richness in the LMF is comparable to other Eocene microfloras, and that climate models will confirm mesothermal conditions for this formation while identifying western Gondwana as the primary region of climatic suitability for Nothofagus. Our results indicate that the LMF hosted a diverse flora under mesothermal, humid-temperate conditions (Köppen–Geiger climate Cfa, within the broader Cf no-dry-season regime). Ecological niche modeling further indicates that western Gondwana (South America, the Antarctic Peninsula, New Zealand, and Australia) provided broadly suitable climatic conditions for Nothofagus. In Experiment 1 (modern-to-Eocene transfer), Maxnet models showed high discriminatory power (AUC_test = 0.86–0.88) with low omission at P10 (OR_P10 = 0.099–0.128). In Experiment 2 (Eocene-to-Eocene calibration), performance was consistently high across GCMs (AUC_test = 0.87–0.98; OR_P10 = 0.091–0.182). However, conditions across Antarctica were likely challenging, limiting its effectiveness as a dispersal corridor during the Eocene. Finally, our results suggest that the ancient South Pacific High influenced the northern distributional limit of Nothofagus in South America.
Fil: Hinojosa, Luis Felipe. Universidad de Chile; Chile
Fil: Carvajal, Francy Milena. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Panamá
Fil: Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina
Fil: Fernández, Damián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; Argentina
Fil: Pérez Catán, María Fernanda. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile
Materia
EARLY EOCENE
NOTHOFAGACEAE
DIVERSITY
NICHE MODEL
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/290127
Acceder
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network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western GondwanaHinojosa, Luis FelipeCarvajal, Francy MilenaQuattrocchio, Mirta ElenaFernández, Damián AndrésPérez Catán, María FernandaEARLY EOCENENOTHOFAGACEAEDIVERSITYNICHE MODELhttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1During warm intervals such as the Early Eocene, megathermal vegetation belts expanded toward higher latitudes, displacing mesothermal and microthermal biota. Here, we examine the diversity and paleoclimate of the Early Eocene Ligorio Márquez Formation (LMF) in the context of other Paleogene Patagonian palynofloras, and we model the potential distribution of Nothofagus using Early Eocene climate simulations. From 35 processed samples, 20 yielded palynomorphs and 85 morphospecies were distinguished. We hypothesize that species richness in the LMF is comparable to other Eocene microfloras, and that climate models will confirm mesothermal conditions for this formation while identifying western Gondwana as the primary region of climatic suitability for Nothofagus. Our results indicate that the LMF hosted a diverse flora under mesothermal, humid-temperate conditions (Köppen–Geiger climate Cfa, within the broader Cf no-dry-season regime). Ecological niche modeling further indicates that western Gondwana (South America, the Antarctic Peninsula, New Zealand, and Australia) provided broadly suitable climatic conditions for Nothofagus. In Experiment 1 (modern-to-Eocene transfer), Maxnet models showed high discriminatory power (AUC_test = 0.86–0.88) with low omission at P10 (OR_P10 = 0.099–0.128). In Experiment 2 (Eocene-to-Eocene calibration), performance was consistently high across GCMs (AUC_test = 0.87–0.98; OR_P10 = 0.091–0.182). However, conditions across Antarctica were likely challenging, limiting its effectiveness as a dispersal corridor during the Eocene. Finally, our results suggest that the ancient South Pacific High influenced the northern distributional limit of Nothofagus in South America.Fil: Hinojosa, Luis Felipe. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Carvajal, Francy Milena. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; PanamáFil: Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Damián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Pérez Catán, María Fernanda. Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute2026-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/290127Hinojosa, Luis Felipe; Carvajal, Francy Milena; Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena; Fernández, Damián Andrés; Pérez Catán, María Fernanda; Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Plants; 15; 7; 4-2026; 1-252223-7747CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/15/7/1122info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/plants15071122info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2026-08-25T15:34:08Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/290127instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982026-08-25 15:34:09.199CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
title Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
spellingShingle Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
Hinojosa, Luis Felipe
EARLY EOCENE
NOTHOFAGACEAE
DIVERSITY
NICHE MODEL
title_short Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
title_full Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
title_fullStr Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
title_full_unstemmed Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
title_sort Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Hinojosa, Luis Felipe
Carvajal, Francy Milena
Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena
Fernández, Damián Andrés
Pérez Catán, María Fernanda
author Hinojosa, Luis Felipe
author_facet Hinojosa, Luis Felipe
Carvajal, Francy Milena
Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena
Fernández, Damián Andrés
Pérez Catán, María Fernanda
author_role author
author2 Carvajal, Francy Milena
Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena
Fernández, Damián Andrés
Pérez Catán, María Fernanda
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv EARLY EOCENE
NOTHOFAGACEAE
DIVERSITY
NICHE MODEL
topic EARLY EOCENE
NOTHOFAGACEAE
DIVERSITY
NICHE MODEL
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv During warm intervals such as the Early Eocene, megathermal vegetation belts expanded toward higher latitudes, displacing mesothermal and microthermal biota. Here, we examine the diversity and paleoclimate of the Early Eocene Ligorio Márquez Formation (LMF) in the context of other Paleogene Patagonian palynofloras, and we model the potential distribution of Nothofagus using Early Eocene climate simulations. From 35 processed samples, 20 yielded palynomorphs and 85 morphospecies were distinguished. We hypothesize that species richness in the LMF is comparable to other Eocene microfloras, and that climate models will confirm mesothermal conditions for this formation while identifying western Gondwana as the primary region of climatic suitability for Nothofagus. Our results indicate that the LMF hosted a diverse flora under mesothermal, humid-temperate conditions (Köppen–Geiger climate Cfa, within the broader Cf no-dry-season regime). Ecological niche modeling further indicates that western Gondwana (South America, the Antarctic Peninsula, New Zealand, and Australia) provided broadly suitable climatic conditions for Nothofagus. In Experiment 1 (modern-to-Eocene transfer), Maxnet models showed high discriminatory power (AUC_test = 0.86–0.88) with low omission at P10 (OR_P10 = 0.099–0.128). In Experiment 2 (Eocene-to-Eocene calibration), performance was consistently high across GCMs (AUC_test = 0.87–0.98; OR_P10 = 0.091–0.182). However, conditions across Antarctica were likely challenging, limiting its effectiveness as a dispersal corridor during the Eocene. Finally, our results suggest that the ancient South Pacific High influenced the northern distributional limit of Nothofagus in South America.
Fil: Hinojosa, Luis Felipe. Universidad de Chile; Chile
Fil: Carvajal, Francy Milena. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Panamá
Fil: Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina
Fil: Fernández, Damián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; Argentina
Fil: Pérez Catán, María Fernanda. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile
description During warm intervals such as the Early Eocene, megathermal vegetation belts expanded toward higher latitudes, displacing mesothermal and microthermal biota. Here, we examine the diversity and paleoclimate of the Early Eocene Ligorio Márquez Formation (LMF) in the context of other Paleogene Patagonian palynofloras, and we model the potential distribution of Nothofagus using Early Eocene climate simulations. From 35 processed samples, 20 yielded palynomorphs and 85 morphospecies were distinguished. We hypothesize that species richness in the LMF is comparable to other Eocene microfloras, and that climate models will confirm mesothermal conditions for this formation while identifying western Gondwana as the primary region of climatic suitability for Nothofagus. Our results indicate that the LMF hosted a diverse flora under mesothermal, humid-temperate conditions (Köppen–Geiger climate Cfa, within the broader Cf no-dry-season regime). Ecological niche modeling further indicates that western Gondwana (South America, the Antarctic Peninsula, New Zealand, and Australia) provided broadly suitable climatic conditions for Nothofagus. In Experiment 1 (modern-to-Eocene transfer), Maxnet models showed high discriminatory power (AUC_test = 0.86–0.88) with low omission at P10 (OR_P10 = 0.099–0.128). In Experiment 2 (Eocene-to-Eocene calibration), performance was consistently high across GCMs (AUC_test = 0.87–0.98; OR_P10 = 0.091–0.182). However, conditions across Antarctica were likely challenging, limiting its effectiveness as a dispersal corridor during the Eocene. Finally, our results suggest that the ancient South Pacific High influenced the northern distributional limit of Nothofagus in South America.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/290127
Hinojosa, Luis Felipe; Carvajal, Francy Milena; Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena; Fernández, Damián Andrés; Pérez Catán, María Fernanda; Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Plants; 15; 7; 4-2026; 1-25
2223-7747
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/290127
identifier_str_mv Hinojosa, Luis Felipe; Carvajal, Francy Milena; Quattrocchio, Mirta Elena; Fernández, Damián Andrés; Pérez Catán, María Fernanda; Early Eocene Palynofloral Diversity and Nothofagus Niche Modeling Across Western Gondwana; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Plants; 15; 7; 4-2026; 1-25
2223-7747
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/15/7/1122
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/plants15071122
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.365483

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