Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case

Autores
Bardach, Ariel Esteban; Ballivian, Jamile; Moreno, Carolina; Navarro, Emiliano; Luxardo, Rosario; Kyaw, Moe H.; Spinardi, Julia; Mendoza, Carlos Fernando; Carballo, Carolina M.; Loudet, Cecilia I.; Espinola, Natalia
Año de publicación
2025
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Objectives: The impact of COVID-19 in Argentina´s health and economic outcomes before the implementation of the national vaccination plan has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to estimate the health and economic burden of COVID-19 in the adult population in Argentina.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using a national COVID-19 surveillance data set to assess (1) clinical burden, including incidence rates, mortality rates, and patterns of hospitalization categorized by severity based on the World Health Organization criteria; (2) economic burden; and (3) years of life lost. The cost of illness analysis was used to estimate the cost per patient with COVID-19, expressed in 2023 US dollars ($). The analyzed period was from March 2020 to June 2021, before the introduction of the vaccination as a national strategic plan for COVID-19.Results: During the study period, the incidence rate of COVID-19 among the adult population in Argentina was 11 490.2 cases per 100 000 persons. As in many other countries in the region, most cases were classified as mild (95%), followed by 4% severe cases (requiring hospitalization) and 1% critical cases (intensive care unit [ICU] admission). The age-standardized years of life lost per 100 000 persons increased steeply from 58.6 in the 20 to 29 age group to 576.1 in the 60 to 69 age group. The total cost associated with COVID-19 was $1370 million, ranging from $244 in mild cases to $791 in critical cases. Concerning the health sectors, a higher total cost is observed in the social security sector, accounting for nearly 51% of the total costs, mainly because it has the highest rate of health coverage.Conclusions: Before the vaccines were widely used, COVID-19 significantly strained Argentina´s public health and economy. These discoveries can aid policy makers in making well-informed choices and distributing resources efficiently to enhance future national strategies concerning surveillance, prevention, treatment, and potential long-term impacts on community health.
Fil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Ballivian, Jamile. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Moreno, Carolina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Navarro, Emiliano. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Luxardo, Rosario. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Kyaw, Moe H.. No especifíca;
Fil: Spinardi, Julia. No especifíca;
Fil: Mendoza, Carlos Fernando. No especifíca;
Fil: Carballo, Carolina M.. No especifíca;
Fil: Loudet, Cecilia I.. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Espinola, Natalia. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Materia
COVID-19
incidence rate
mortality rate
years of life lost
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
Repositorio
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Institución
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
OAI Identificador
oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/291284
Acceder
id CONICETDig_c8442260878684b7d1621e83cbe130ce
oai_identifier_str oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/291284
network_acronym_str CONICETDig
repository_id_str 3498
network_name_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
spelling Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine CaseBardach, Ariel EstebanBallivian, JamileMoreno, CarolinaNavarro, EmilianoLuxardo, RosarioKyaw, Moe H.Spinardi, JuliaMendoza, Carlos FernandoCarballo, Carolina M.Loudet, Cecilia I.Espinola, NataliaCOVID-19incidence ratemortality rateyears of life losthttps://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3Objectives: The impact of COVID-19 in Argentina´s health and economic outcomes before the implementation of the national vaccination plan has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to estimate the health and economic burden of COVID-19 in the adult population in Argentina.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using a national COVID-19 surveillance data set to assess (1) clinical burden, including incidence rates, mortality rates, and patterns of hospitalization categorized by severity based on the World Health Organization criteria; (2) economic burden; and (3) years of life lost. The cost of illness analysis was used to estimate the cost per patient with COVID-19, expressed in 2023 US dollars ($). The analyzed period was from March 2020 to June 2021, before the introduction of the vaccination as a national strategic plan for COVID-19.Results: During the study period, the incidence rate of COVID-19 among the adult population in Argentina was 11 490.2 cases per 100 000 persons. As in many other countries in the region, most cases were classified as mild (95%), followed by 4% severe cases (requiring hospitalization) and 1% critical cases (intensive care unit [ICU] admission). The age-standardized years of life lost per 100 000 persons increased steeply from 58.6 in the 20 to 29 age group to 576.1 in the 60 to 69 age group. The total cost associated with COVID-19 was $1370 million, ranging from $244 in mild cases to $791 in critical cases. Concerning the health sectors, a higher total cost is observed in the social security sector, accounting for nearly 51% of the total costs, mainly because it has the highest rate of health coverage.Conclusions: Before the vaccines were widely used, COVID-19 significantly strained Argentina´s public health and economy. These discoveries can aid policy makers in making well-informed choices and distributing resources efficiently to enhance future national strategies concerning surveillance, prevention, treatment, and potential long-term impacts on community health.Fil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Ballivian, Jamile. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Carolina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, Emiliano. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Luxardo, Rosario. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Kyaw, Moe H.. No especifíca;Fil: Spinardi, Julia. No especifíca;Fil: Mendoza, Carlos Fernando. No especifíca;Fil: Carballo, Carolina M.. No especifíca;Fil: Loudet, Cecilia I.. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Espinola, Natalia. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaElsevier2025-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11336/291284Bardach, Ariel Esteban; Ballivian, Jamile; Moreno, Carolina; Navarro, Emiliano; Luxardo, Rosario; et al.; Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case; Elsevier; Value in Health Regional Issues; 48; 7-2025; 1-62212-1099CONICET DigitalCONICETenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212109925000627info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.vhri.2025.101137info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas2026-08-25T15:39:25Zoai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/291284instacron:CONICETInstitucionalhttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://ri.conicet.gov.ar/oai/requestdasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:34982026-08-25 15:39:27.103CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicasfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
title Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
spellingShingle Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
Bardach, Ariel Esteban
COVID-19
incidence rate
mortality rate
years of life lost
title_short Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
title_full Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
title_fullStr Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
title_full_unstemmed Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
title_sort Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Bardach, Ariel Esteban
Ballivian, Jamile
Moreno, Carolina
Navarro, Emiliano
Luxardo, Rosario
Kyaw, Moe H.
Spinardi, Julia
Mendoza, Carlos Fernando
Carballo, Carolina M.
Loudet, Cecilia I.
Espinola, Natalia
author Bardach, Ariel Esteban
author_facet Bardach, Ariel Esteban
Ballivian, Jamile
Moreno, Carolina
Navarro, Emiliano
Luxardo, Rosario
Kyaw, Moe H.
Spinardi, Julia
Mendoza, Carlos Fernando
Carballo, Carolina M.
Loudet, Cecilia I.
Espinola, Natalia
author_role author
author2 Ballivian, Jamile
Moreno, Carolina
Navarro, Emiliano
Luxardo, Rosario
Kyaw, Moe H.
Spinardi, Julia
Mendoza, Carlos Fernando
Carballo, Carolina M.
Loudet, Cecilia I.
Espinola, Natalia
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv COVID-19
incidence rate
mortality rate
years of life lost
topic COVID-19
incidence rate
mortality rate
years of life lost
purl_subject.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Objectives: The impact of COVID-19 in Argentina´s health and economic outcomes before the implementation of the national vaccination plan has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to estimate the health and economic burden of COVID-19 in the adult population in Argentina.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using a national COVID-19 surveillance data set to assess (1) clinical burden, including incidence rates, mortality rates, and patterns of hospitalization categorized by severity based on the World Health Organization criteria; (2) economic burden; and (3) years of life lost. The cost of illness analysis was used to estimate the cost per patient with COVID-19, expressed in 2023 US dollars ($). The analyzed period was from March 2020 to June 2021, before the introduction of the vaccination as a national strategic plan for COVID-19.Results: During the study period, the incidence rate of COVID-19 among the adult population in Argentina was 11 490.2 cases per 100 000 persons. As in many other countries in the region, most cases were classified as mild (95%), followed by 4% severe cases (requiring hospitalization) and 1% critical cases (intensive care unit [ICU] admission). The age-standardized years of life lost per 100 000 persons increased steeply from 58.6 in the 20 to 29 age group to 576.1 in the 60 to 69 age group. The total cost associated with COVID-19 was $1370 million, ranging from $244 in mild cases to $791 in critical cases. Concerning the health sectors, a higher total cost is observed in the social security sector, accounting for nearly 51% of the total costs, mainly because it has the highest rate of health coverage.Conclusions: Before the vaccines were widely used, COVID-19 significantly strained Argentina´s public health and economy. These discoveries can aid policy makers in making well-informed choices and distributing resources efficiently to enhance future national strategies concerning surveillance, prevention, treatment, and potential long-term impacts on community health.
Fil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Ballivian, Jamile. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Moreno, Carolina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Navarro, Emiliano. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Luxardo, Rosario. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Kyaw, Moe H.. No especifíca;
Fil: Spinardi, Julia. No especifíca;
Fil: Mendoza, Carlos Fernando. No especifíca;
Fil: Carballo, Carolina M.. No especifíca;
Fil: Loudet, Cecilia I.. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
Fil: Espinola, Natalia. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina
description Objectives: The impact of COVID-19 in Argentina´s health and economic outcomes before the implementation of the national vaccination plan has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to estimate the health and economic burden of COVID-19 in the adult population in Argentina.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using a national COVID-19 surveillance data set to assess (1) clinical burden, including incidence rates, mortality rates, and patterns of hospitalization categorized by severity based on the World Health Organization criteria; (2) economic burden; and (3) years of life lost. The cost of illness analysis was used to estimate the cost per patient with COVID-19, expressed in 2023 US dollars ($). The analyzed period was from March 2020 to June 2021, before the introduction of the vaccination as a national strategic plan for COVID-19.Results: During the study period, the incidence rate of COVID-19 among the adult population in Argentina was 11 490.2 cases per 100 000 persons. As in many other countries in the region, most cases were classified as mild (95%), followed by 4% severe cases (requiring hospitalization) and 1% critical cases (intensive care unit [ICU] admission). The age-standardized years of life lost per 100 000 persons increased steeply from 58.6 in the 20 to 29 age group to 576.1 in the 60 to 69 age group. The total cost associated with COVID-19 was $1370 million, ranging from $244 in mild cases to $791 in critical cases. Concerning the health sectors, a higher total cost is observed in the social security sector, accounting for nearly 51% of the total costs, mainly because it has the highest rate of health coverage.Conclusions: Before the vaccines were widely used, COVID-19 significantly strained Argentina´s public health and economy. These discoveries can aid policy makers in making well-informed choices and distributing resources efficiently to enhance future national strategies concerning surveillance, prevention, treatment, and potential long-term impacts on community health.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11336/291284
Bardach, Ariel Esteban; Ballivian, Jamile; Moreno, Carolina; Navarro, Emiliano; Luxardo, Rosario; et al.; Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case; Elsevier; Value in Health Regional Issues; 48; 7-2025; 1-6
2212-1099
CONICET Digital
CONICET
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/291284
identifier_str_mv Bardach, Ariel Esteban; Ballivian, Jamile; Moreno, Carolina; Navarro, Emiliano; Luxardo, Rosario; et al.; Disease and Economic Burden of COVID-19 in the Prevaccine Era in a Fragmented Health System: The Argentine Case; Elsevier; Value in Health Regional Issues; 48; 7-2025; 1-6
2212-1099
CONICET Digital
CONICET
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212109925000627
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.vhri.2025.101137
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
reponame_str CONICET Digital (CONICET)
collection CONICET Digital (CONICET)
instname_str Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.name.fl_str_mv CONICET Digital (CONICET) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
repository.mail.fl_str_mv dasensio@conicet.gov.ar; lcarlino@conicet.gov.ar
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score 13.265058

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