A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation

Autores
Cazon, Luis Ignacio; Paredes, Juan Andrés; Quiroga, María; Guzman, Fabiana
Año de publicación
2026
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
artículo
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Potato common scab (Streptomyces sp.) is an economically important disease that reduces the quality and market value of tubers. A key aspect in developing management strategies involves accurately quantifying the disease. Due to the three-dimensional nature of the tuber and the heterogeneous distribution of lesions across its surface, visual estimates of severity can be challenging. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop and validate a standard area diagram (SAD) for estimating common scab severity on potato tubers and to compare validation outcomes obtained using real tubers and digital images. A SAD comprising six severity levels (from 1.3 to 66.8%) was developed based on image analysis of naturally infected tubers. Validation was conducted using two complementary approaches in which inexperienced raters evaluated either real potato tubers or digital images of the same tubers under unaided and aided conditions. Accuracy, bias components, and inter-rater reliability were quantified using absolute error metrics, Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficients, and overall concordance correlation coefficients. Use of the SAD significantly improved accuracy, reduced systematic bias, and increased inter-rater reliability across both validation approaches. No significant differences were detected between assessments conducted on real tubers and images, although image-based evaluations showed a slight, non-significant tendency toward reduced scale and location bias under aided conditions. These results demonstrate that a dimension-aware SAD, which provides a more complete representation of the tuber surface than single-view diagrams, enhances the reliability and reproducibility of visual severity assessments and supports the use of image-based evaluations for training, large-scale surveys, and remote or collaborative applications involving three-dimensional plant organs.
Instituto de Patología Vegetal
Fil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Guzman, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Guzman, Fabiana.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fuente
Tropical Plant Pathology 51: 40 (Published: 22 June 2026)
Materia
Streptomyces
Epidemiología
Epidemiology
Potatoes
Plant Diseases
Papa
Enfermedades de las Plantas
Phytopathometry
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso restringido
Condiciones de uso
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Repositorio
INTA Digital (INTA)
Institución
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
OAI Identificador
oai:localhost:20.500.12123/26979
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oai_identifier_str oai:localhost:20.500.12123/26979
network_acronym_str INTADig
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network_name_str INTA Digital (INTA)
spelling A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validationCazon, Luis IgnacioParedes, Juan AndrésQuiroga, MaríaGuzman, FabianaStreptomycesEpidemiologíaEpidemiologyPotatoesPlant DiseasesPapaEnfermedades de las PlantasPhytopathometryPotato common scab (Streptomyces sp.) is an economically important disease that reduces the quality and market value of tubers. A key aspect in developing management strategies involves accurately quantifying the disease. Due to the three-dimensional nature of the tuber and the heterogeneous distribution of lesions across its surface, visual estimates of severity can be challenging. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop and validate a standard area diagram (SAD) for estimating common scab severity on potato tubers and to compare validation outcomes obtained using real tubers and digital images. A SAD comprising six severity levels (from 1.3 to 66.8%) was developed based on image analysis of naturally infected tubers. Validation was conducted using two complementary approaches in which inexperienced raters evaluated either real potato tubers or digital images of the same tubers under unaided and aided conditions. Accuracy, bias components, and inter-rater reliability were quantified using absolute error metrics, Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficients, and overall concordance correlation coefficients. Use of the SAD significantly improved accuracy, reduced systematic bias, and increased inter-rater reliability across both validation approaches. No significant differences were detected between assessments conducted on real tubers and images, although image-based evaluations showed a slight, non-significant tendency toward reduced scale and location bias under aided conditions. These results demonstrate that a dimension-aware SAD, which provides a more complete representation of the tuber surface than single-view diagrams, enhances the reliability and reproducibility of visual severity assessments and supports the use of image-based evaluations for training, large-scale surveys, and remote or collaborative applications involving three-dimensional plant organs.Instituto de Patología VegetalFil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Paredes, Juan Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Paredes, Juan Andrés.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Guzman, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Guzman, Fabiana.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaSpringer2026-07-08T16:31:54Z2026-07-08T16:31:54Z2026-06-22info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:ar-repo/semantics/articuloapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26979https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-41983-2052https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-4Tropical Plant Pathology 51: 40 (Published: 22 June 2026)reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariaenginfo:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I128, Tecnologías de producción de hortalizas, ornamentales, aromáticas y medicinales que contribuyen a la sostenibilidad de los AES y a la mitigación del impacto ambientalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/reference/hdl/20.500.12123/25508info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)2026-09-24T11:43:27Zoai:localhost:20.500.12123/26979instacron:INTAInstitucionalhttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/Organismo científico-tecnológicoNo correspondehttp://repositorio.inta.gob.ar/oai/requesttripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:l2026-09-24 11:43:28.288INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuariafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
title A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
spellingShingle A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
Cazon, Luis Ignacio
Streptomyces
Epidemiología
Epidemiology
Potatoes
Plant Diseases
Papa
Enfermedades de las Plantas
Phytopathometry
title_short A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
title_full A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
title_fullStr A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
title_full_unstemmed A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
title_sort A standard area diagram for potato common scab: comparable performance of image- and object-based validation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cazon, Luis Ignacio
Paredes, Juan Andrés
Quiroga, María
Guzman, Fabiana
author Cazon, Luis Ignacio
author_facet Cazon, Luis Ignacio
Paredes, Juan Andrés
Quiroga, María
Guzman, Fabiana
author_role author
author2 Paredes, Juan Andrés
Quiroga, María
Guzman, Fabiana
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Streptomyces
Epidemiología
Epidemiology
Potatoes
Plant Diseases
Papa
Enfermedades de las Plantas
Phytopathometry
topic Streptomyces
Epidemiología
Epidemiology
Potatoes
Plant Diseases
Papa
Enfermedades de las Plantas
Phytopathometry
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Potato common scab (Streptomyces sp.) is an economically important disease that reduces the quality and market value of tubers. A key aspect in developing management strategies involves accurately quantifying the disease. Due to the three-dimensional nature of the tuber and the heterogeneous distribution of lesions across its surface, visual estimates of severity can be challenging. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop and validate a standard area diagram (SAD) for estimating common scab severity on potato tubers and to compare validation outcomes obtained using real tubers and digital images. A SAD comprising six severity levels (from 1.3 to 66.8%) was developed based on image analysis of naturally infected tubers. Validation was conducted using two complementary approaches in which inexperienced raters evaluated either real potato tubers or digital images of the same tubers under unaided and aided conditions. Accuracy, bias components, and inter-rater reliability were quantified using absolute error metrics, Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficients, and overall concordance correlation coefficients. Use of the SAD significantly improved accuracy, reduced systematic bias, and increased inter-rater reliability across both validation approaches. No significant differences were detected between assessments conducted on real tubers and images, although image-based evaluations showed a slight, non-significant tendency toward reduced scale and location bias under aided conditions. These results demonstrate that a dimension-aware SAD, which provides a more complete representation of the tuber surface than single-view diagrams, enhances the reliability and reproducibility of visual severity assessments and supports the use of image-based evaluations for training, large-scale surveys, and remote or collaborative applications involving three-dimensional plant organs.
Instituto de Patología Vegetal
Fil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Cazon, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Paredes, Juan Andrés.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
Fil: Quiroga, María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Guzman, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina
Fil: Guzman, Fabiana.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); Argentina
description Potato common scab (Streptomyces sp.) is an economically important disease that reduces the quality and market value of tubers. A key aspect in developing management strategies involves accurately quantifying the disease. Due to the three-dimensional nature of the tuber and the heterogeneous distribution of lesions across its surface, visual estimates of severity can be challenging. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop and validate a standard area diagram (SAD) for estimating common scab severity on potato tubers and to compare validation outcomes obtained using real tubers and digital images. A SAD comprising six severity levels (from 1.3 to 66.8%) was developed based on image analysis of naturally infected tubers. Validation was conducted using two complementary approaches in which inexperienced raters evaluated either real potato tubers or digital images of the same tubers under unaided and aided conditions. Accuracy, bias components, and inter-rater reliability were quantified using absolute error metrics, Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficients, and overall concordance correlation coefficients. Use of the SAD significantly improved accuracy, reduced systematic bias, and increased inter-rater reliability across both validation approaches. No significant differences were detected between assessments conducted on real tubers and images, although image-based evaluations showed a slight, non-significant tendency toward reduced scale and location bias under aided conditions. These results demonstrate that a dimension-aware SAD, which provides a more complete representation of the tuber surface than single-view diagrams, enhances the reliability and reproducibility of visual severity assessments and supports the use of image-based evaluations for training, large-scale surveys, and remote or collaborative applications involving three-dimensional plant organs.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026-07-08T16:31:54Z
2026-07-08T16:31:54Z
2026-06-22
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
info:ar-repo/semantics/articulo
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26979
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-4
1983-2052
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-4
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/26979
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-4
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-026-00818-4
identifier_str_mv 1983-2052
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repograntAgreement/INTA/2023-PD-L01-I128, Tecnologías de producción de hortalizas, ornamentales, aromáticas y medicinales que contribuyen a la sostenibilidad de los AES y a la mitigación del impacto ambiental
info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/hdl/20.500.12123/25508
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
eu_rights_str_mv restrictedAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Tropical Plant Pathology 51: 40 (Published: 22 June 2026)
reponame:INTA Digital (INTA)
instname:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
reponame_str INTA Digital (INTA)
collection INTA Digital (INTA)
instname_str Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.name.fl_str_mv INTA Digital (INTA) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria
repository.mail.fl_str_mv tripaldi.nicolas@inta.gob.ar
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