Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.

Autores
Kraft, Romina Alejandra; Orellano, Santiago; Mores, Patricia Liliana; Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo; Scenna, Nicolás José
Año de publicación
2023
Idioma
inglés
Tipo de recurso
documento de conferencia
Estado
versión publicada
Descripción
Different approaches have been proposed for safety distance estimation from hazardous facilities. The most widespread method is mainly based on the evaluation of the consequences of potential accidental events and the limitation of the physical vector on people, or on atmospheric and pressure process units, seeking to prevent the domino effect [1]. In this methodology, the stochastic variables involved in the phenomena (fire, explosion, or toxic dispersion) are fixed by defining a conservative scenario. This is particularly appropriate for accidents where the influence of environmental variables is relatively small (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions -BLEVEs-, mechanical explosions). However, the consequences of the worst-case scenario for events involving toxic or flammable gas dispersion, for example, could be much greater than the rest and not be representative of the site. This approach does not consider the occurrence frequency of the event and therefore, a remote accidental event would demand the same effort as a frequent one in the case of layout design. In addition, some accidental events such Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCE) or projectile ejection from BLEVEs can reach distances of more than 1000 meters and therefore, this approach results impracticable in some cases of plant layout design. Bearing this in mind, this article proposes a risk-based methodology to estimate safety distances to overcome the mentioned limitations of the impact threshold method. Here the quantitative risk is evaluated for different receptors, including the impact on people and on process equipment by using probit equations corresponding to the probability of escalation by domino effect. Methodologically, the contribution to risk at different points located in eight directions is quantified by evaluating several scenarios generated by Monte Carlo simulation and composing the consequences and frequencies of each one. An iterative algorithm is developed to determine the distance that satisfies the risk threshold in each direction. This approach is applied to LPG storage tanks (spheres and cylinders) of different sizes and considering the historical information of wind speed and direction of Rosario city. The estimated safety distances are compared to those recommended by international standards such as NFPA 58 [2], and those obtained by evaluating the consequences to given impact thresholds. Finally, risk thresholds are assessed and recommended in order to define a general algorithm to estimate safety distances. Future works will intend to generalize the proposed approach to automatically determining separation distances matrixes for layout optimization.
Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
Fil: Orellano, Santiago. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
Materia
Safety distance estimation
risk-based methodology
layout optimization.
Nivel de accesibilidad
acceso abierto
Condiciones de uso
2024-03-18T21:03:42Z
Repositorio
Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)
Institución
Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
OAI Identificador
oai:ria.utn.edu.ar:20.500.12272/9828
Acceder
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network_acronym_str RIAUTN
repository_id_str a
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)
spelling Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.Kraft, Romina AlejandraOrellano, SantiagoMores, Patricia LilianaRodríguez, Néstor HugoScenna, Nicolás JoséSafety distance estimationrisk-based methodologylayout optimization.Different approaches have been proposed for safety distance estimation from hazardous facilities. The most widespread method is mainly based on the evaluation of the consequences of potential accidental events and the limitation of the physical vector on people, or on atmospheric and pressure process units, seeking to prevent the domino effect [1]. In this methodology, the stochastic variables involved in the phenomena (fire, explosion, or toxic dispersion) are fixed by defining a conservative scenario. This is particularly appropriate for accidents where the influence of environmental variables is relatively small (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions -BLEVEs-, mechanical explosions). However, the consequences of the worst-case scenario for events involving toxic or flammable gas dispersion, for example, could be much greater than the rest and not be representative of the site. This approach does not consider the occurrence frequency of the event and therefore, a remote accidental event would demand the same effort as a frequent one in the case of layout design. In addition, some accidental events such Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCE) or projectile ejection from BLEVEs can reach distances of more than 1000 meters and therefore, this approach results impracticable in some cases of plant layout design. Bearing this in mind, this article proposes a risk-based methodology to estimate safety distances to overcome the mentioned limitations of the impact threshold method. Here the quantitative risk is evaluated for different receptors, including the impact on people and on process equipment by using probit equations corresponding to the probability of escalation by domino effect. Methodologically, the contribution to risk at different points located in eight directions is quantified by evaluating several scenarios generated by Monte Carlo simulation and composing the consequences and frequencies of each one. An iterative algorithm is developed to determine the distance that satisfies the risk threshold in each direction. This approach is applied to LPG storage tanks (spheres and cylinders) of different sizes and considering the historical information of wind speed and direction of Rosario city. The estimated safety distances are compared to those recommended by international standards such as NFPA 58 [2], and those obtained by evaluating the consequences to given impact thresholds. Finally, risk thresholds are assessed and recommended in order to define a general algorithm to estimate safety distances. Future works will intend to generalize the proposed approach to automatically determining separation distances matrixes for layout optimization.Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.Fil: Orellano, Santiago. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.Fil: Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.Asociación Argentina de Ingenieros Químicos/ Oscar Pagola2024-03-18T21:03:42Z2024-03-18T21:03:42Z2023-06info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObjectinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794info:ar-repo/semantics/documentoDeConferenciapdfapplication/pdff WCCE11 - 11th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (2023)2953-5565http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12272/9828enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-03-18T21:03:42Zhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 InternacionalAcceso abierto, con fines de estudio e investigación. Siempre con la mención de los autores.reponame:Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)instname:Universidad Tecnológica Nacional2026-09-24T12:45:05Zoai:ria.utn.edu.ar:20.500.12272/9828instacron:UTNInstitucionalhttp://ria.utn.edu.ar/Universidad públicaNo correspondehttp://ria.utn.edu.ar/oaigestionria@rec.utn.edu.ar; fsuarez@rec.utn.edu.arArgentinaNo correspondeNo correspondeNo correspondeopendoar:a2026-09-24 12:45:06.151Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN) - Universidad Tecnológica Nacionalfalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
title Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
spellingShingle Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
Kraft, Romina Alejandra
Safety distance estimation
risk-based methodology
layout optimization.
title_short Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
title_full Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
title_fullStr Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
title_full_unstemmed Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
title_sort Risk-based approach for safety distance estimation in the process industry.
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Kraft, Romina Alejandra
Orellano, Santiago
Mores, Patricia Liliana
Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo
Scenna, Nicolás José
author Kraft, Romina Alejandra
author_facet Kraft, Romina Alejandra
Orellano, Santiago
Mores, Patricia Liliana
Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo
Scenna, Nicolás José
author_role author
author2 Orellano, Santiago
Mores, Patricia Liliana
Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo
Scenna, Nicolás José
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Safety distance estimation
risk-based methodology
layout optimization.
topic Safety distance estimation
risk-based methodology
layout optimization.
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv Different approaches have been proposed for safety distance estimation from hazardous facilities. The most widespread method is mainly based on the evaluation of the consequences of potential accidental events and the limitation of the physical vector on people, or on atmospheric and pressure process units, seeking to prevent the domino effect [1]. In this methodology, the stochastic variables involved in the phenomena (fire, explosion, or toxic dispersion) are fixed by defining a conservative scenario. This is particularly appropriate for accidents where the influence of environmental variables is relatively small (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions -BLEVEs-, mechanical explosions). However, the consequences of the worst-case scenario for events involving toxic or flammable gas dispersion, for example, could be much greater than the rest and not be representative of the site. This approach does not consider the occurrence frequency of the event and therefore, a remote accidental event would demand the same effort as a frequent one in the case of layout design. In addition, some accidental events such Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCE) or projectile ejection from BLEVEs can reach distances of more than 1000 meters and therefore, this approach results impracticable in some cases of plant layout design. Bearing this in mind, this article proposes a risk-based methodology to estimate safety distances to overcome the mentioned limitations of the impact threshold method. Here the quantitative risk is evaluated for different receptors, including the impact on people and on process equipment by using probit equations corresponding to the probability of escalation by domino effect. Methodologically, the contribution to risk at different points located in eight directions is quantified by evaluating several scenarios generated by Monte Carlo simulation and composing the consequences and frequencies of each one. An iterative algorithm is developed to determine the distance that satisfies the risk threshold in each direction. This approach is applied to LPG storage tanks (spheres and cylinders) of different sizes and considering the historical information of wind speed and direction of Rosario city. The estimated safety distances are compared to those recommended by international standards such as NFPA 58 [2], and those obtained by evaluating the consequences to given impact thresholds. Finally, risk thresholds are assessed and recommended in order to define a general algorithm to estimate safety distances. Future works will intend to generalize the proposed approach to automatically determining separation distances matrixes for layout optimization.
Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Kraft, Romina Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Mores, Patricia Liliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
Fil: Orellano, Santiago. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Rodríguez, Néstor Hugo. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario. Centro de Aplicaciones Informáticas y Modelado en Ingeniería (CAIMI) ; Argentina.
Fil: Scenna, Nicolás José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) ; Argentina.
description Different approaches have been proposed for safety distance estimation from hazardous facilities. The most widespread method is mainly based on the evaluation of the consequences of potential accidental events and the limitation of the physical vector on people, or on atmospheric and pressure process units, seeking to prevent the domino effect [1]. In this methodology, the stochastic variables involved in the phenomena (fire, explosion, or toxic dispersion) are fixed by defining a conservative scenario. This is particularly appropriate for accidents where the influence of environmental variables is relatively small (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions -BLEVEs-, mechanical explosions). However, the consequences of the worst-case scenario for events involving toxic or flammable gas dispersion, for example, could be much greater than the rest and not be representative of the site. This approach does not consider the occurrence frequency of the event and therefore, a remote accidental event would demand the same effort as a frequent one in the case of layout design. In addition, some accidental events such Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCE) or projectile ejection from BLEVEs can reach distances of more than 1000 meters and therefore, this approach results impracticable in some cases of plant layout design. Bearing this in mind, this article proposes a risk-based methodology to estimate safety distances to overcome the mentioned limitations of the impact threshold method. Here the quantitative risk is evaluated for different receptors, including the impact on people and on process equipment by using probit equations corresponding to the probability of escalation by domino effect. Methodologically, the contribution to risk at different points located in eight directions is quantified by evaluating several scenarios generated by Monte Carlo simulation and composing the consequences and frequencies of each one. An iterative algorithm is developed to determine the distance that satisfies the risk threshold in each direction. This approach is applied to LPG storage tanks (spheres and cylinders) of different sizes and considering the historical information of wind speed and direction of Rosario city. The estimated safety distances are compared to those recommended by international standards such as NFPA 58 [2], and those obtained by evaluating the consequences to given impact thresholds. Finally, risk thresholds are assessed and recommended in order to define a general algorithm to estimate safety distances. Future works will intend to generalize the proposed approach to automatically determining separation distances matrixes for layout optimization.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-06
2024-03-18T21:03:42Z
2024-03-18T21:03:42Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794
info:ar-repo/semantics/documentoDeConferencia
format conferenceObject
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv f WCCE11 - 11th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (2023)
2953-5565
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12272/9828
identifier_str_mv f WCCE11 - 11th World Congress of Chemical Engineering (2023)
2953-5565
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12272/9828
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
2024-03-18T21:03:42Z
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Acceso abierto, con fines de estudio e investigación. Siempre con la mención de los autores.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv 2024-03-18T21:03:42Z
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Acceso abierto, con fines de estudio e investigación. Siempre con la mención de los autores.
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Asociación Argentina de Ingenieros Químicos/ Oscar Pagola
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Asociación Argentina de Ingenieros Químicos/ Oscar Pagola
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)
instname:Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
reponame_str Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)
collection Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN)
instname_str Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Abierto (UTN) - Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
repository.mail.fl_str_mv gestionria@rec.utn.edu.ar; fsuarez@rec.utn.edu.ar
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